For prime $p$, every nontrivial $p$th root is primitive, so $\Phi_p=1+x+\cdots+x^{p-1}$.Suggest a slogan
For a prime \(p\), the cyclotomic polynomial \(\Phi_p\) is \[ \Phi_p(x)=\frac{x^p-1}{x-1}=1+x+x^2+\cdots+x^{p-1}. \]
The roots of \(x^p-1\) are the \(p\)th roots of unity, and every one of them other than \(1\) is primitive because \(p\) is prime. So \(x^p-1=(x-1)\Phi_p(x)\), and dividing by \(x-1\) with FF-ED3CD at \(a=1\) gives the sum.
What is the cyclotomic polynomial $\Phi_p(x)$ for $p$ prime?